Which credit bureau does Chase pull?

Chase typically pulls Experian but may use Equifax or TransUnion depending on your state. They also follow the 5/24 rule — deny applicants with 5+ new cards in 24 months.

Which credit bureau does American Express pull?

American Express primarily pulls Experian for most credit card applications, though they may use Equifax in some regions.

Which credit bureau does Capital One pull?

Capital One is known for pulling all three bureaus — Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion — for most applications. This triple pull is important to know before applying.

What is a hard inquiry vs soft pull?

A hard inquiry occurs when a lender pulls your credit for a lending decision and can lower your score 5–10 points. A soft pull does not affect your score and is used for pre-qualification checks.

📊 Member Resource

🏦 Bureau Pull Guide

Discover which credit bureaus Chase, American Express, Citi, Bank of America, and 50+ other lenders pull when you apply. Use this intelligence to optimize your credit strategy.

Experian

Equifax

TransUnion

All 3 Bureaus

⚡ Quick Insights

Most Predictable

Chase → Experian (low variance)

Most Variable

Citi → Equifax, but region/product dependent

Best Strategy

Layer Chase (EX), American Express (EX), and Credit Unions (TU/EQ)

Pro Tip

Use TransUnion-only credit unions to preserve Experian for premium cards

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Chase / JP Morgan

Bank / Card	Bureau(s)	Pull Risk	Notes
Chase Sapphire Preferred/Reserve	Experian	Low (1 pull)	Premium travel cards. Experian only. Counts toward 5/24 rule.
Chase Freedom Unlimited/Flex	Experian	Low (1 pull)	Flexible cash back cards. Experian. Part of Chase UR ecosystem.
World of Hyatt (Chase) World of Hyatt Card, Business Card	Experian	Low (1 pull)	Chase-issued — Experian. Hyatt points are the most valuable hotel currency per point. 1 Hyatt point transfers 1:1 from Chase UR. Free night at Cat 1-4 annually.
JPMCB Card / JPMCB Card Services JP Morgan Chase Bank — how Chase appears on credit reports	Experian	Low (1 pull)	JPMCB Card and JPMCB Card Services are the official tradeline names JP Morgan Chase uses on credit reports. Same pull behavior as Chase — primarily Experian. If you see "JPMCB" on your report, that's a Chase account. Subject to 5/24 rule.
JP Morgan Reserve (Private Client) JP Morgan Reserve Card (formerly Palladium), Private Client products	Experian	Low (1 pull)	Invite-only card for JP Morgan Private Bank clients ($10M+ assets under management). Pulls Experian consistent with Chase's standard practice. Highest-tier Chase/JP Morgan card.
IHG Hotels (Chase) IHG One Rewards Premier, Traveler Card	Experian	Low (1 pull)	Chase-issued — Experian. Counts toward 5/24. IHG Premier is one of the best value hotel cards: free night annually, 4th night free on award stays, and up to 26x points at IHG properties. Protects EQ and TU for Citi/BofA applications.
AARP Essential Rewards (Chase) AARP Essential Rewards Mastercard	Experian	Low (1 pull)	Chase-issued — Experian. Counts toward 5/24. No annual fee; 3% cash back on health/drugstore, gas, and EV charging. Good card for retirees wanting simple rewards without juggling complex travel programs. AARP membership required.

American Express

Bank / Card	Bureau(s)	Pull Risk	Notes
Amex Platinum/Gold/Green	Experian	Low (1 pull)	Premium Amex cards. Experian only. Known for lower inquiry sensitivity — often approves without traditional FICO requirement.
Amex Blue Cash/Delta	Experian	Low (1 pull)	Consumer and co-branded Amex cards. Experian. Delta partnership allows airline miles accumulation.

Citibank / Citi Cards

Bank / Card	Bureau(s)	Pull Risk	Notes
Costco Anywhere Visa (Citi) Costco Anywhere Visa Card, Business Version	Equifax	Low (1 pull)	Issued by Citi — follows Citi's Equifax preference. Requires active Costco membership ($65+/yr). 4% cash back on gas, 3% restaurants/travel. One of the best flat-rate cards for Costco members.

Capital One

Bank / Card	Bureau(s)	Pull Risk	Notes
Capital One Venture/Quicksilver	EquifaxTransUnion	Medium (2 pulls)	Premium Capital One cards. Pull both Equifax and TransUnion. Generous limits for well-qualified applicants.

Bank of America

Bank / Card	Bureau(s)	Pull Risk	Notes
Bank of America Premium Rewards	Equifax	Low (1 pull)	BofA's flagship rewards card. Equifax only. Strong for BofA relationship customers with existing accounts.
Spirit Airlines (Bank of America) Spirit Airlines Saver Club Mastercard	EquifaxTransUnion	Medium (varies)	Bank of America-issued — varies by state. Equifax common in Southeast; TransUnion in Northeast. Free Spirit miles for budget travelers. BofA relationship banking may improve approval odds for existing customers.

Discover

Bank / Card	Bureau(s)	Pull Risk	Notes
Discover it/Miles	TransUnion	Low (1 pull)	Discover's primary cards. TransUnion only. Known for approving thin-file applicants and rebuilders.

Wells Fargo

Bank / Card	Bureau(s)	Pull Risk	Notes
Wells Fargo Active Cash	Equifax	Low (1 pull)	Wells Fargo flagship card. Equifax. 2% unlimited cash back.

US Bank

Bank / Card	Bureau(s)	Pull Risk	Notes
US Bank Altitude Go	TransUnion	Low (1 pull)	No annual fee card with 4% back on dining/travel. TransUnion only.

Barclays / FNBO Co-brands

Bank / Card	Bureau(s)	Pull Risk	Notes
Barclays AAdvantage	TransUnion	Low (1 pull)	American Airlines co-brand. TransUnion. Good for AA loyalty program members.
Frontier Airlines (Barclays/FNBO) Frontier Airlines World Mastercard	TransUnion	Low (1 pull)	Issued by Barclays or FNBO depending on the era/offer — both primarily pull TransUnion. Good for budget travelers on the Frontier network. Useful for adding a TU-only tradeline while protecting EX for Chase applications.

Fintech & Other Lenders

Bank / Card	Bureau(s)	Pull Risk	Notes
Square Capital / Celtic Bank Square Business Loans, Square Installment Loans, Seller Cash Advances	ExperianTransUnion	Medium (varies)	Square Capital's business financing is underwritten by Celtic Bank. Pulls Experian or TransUnion for personal guarantee checks on business loans. Cash advances typically use business revenue data (Dun & Bradstreet) with a soft personal pull. Great option for small business owners with Square payment history.
Celtic Bank SBA Loans, Indigo Mastercard, Milestone Mastercard, Business Cards	ExperianTransUnion	Medium (varies)	Celtic Bank is a Utah-chartered bank that powers many fintech products. Issues Indigo and Milestone cards (credit rebuilder cards) — these pull Experian primarily. SBA loans may involve all 3 bureaus. Also backs Square Capital, Kabbage, and other B2B products.
Truist Bank Truist Enjoy Cash, Truist Enjoy Travel, Formerly BB&T / SunTrust	EquifaxTransUnion	Medium (varies)	Formed from the BB&T + SunTrust merger. Primarily Equifax in the Southeast; TransUnion seen in other regions. Strong presence in Mid-Atlantic and Southern states. Personal loans tend to pull Equifax.
Citizens Bank Cash Back Plus, Everyday Points, Clear Value Mastercard	EquifaxTransUnion	Medium (varies)	Northeast-focused bank. Primarily TransUnion in New England; Equifax in mid-Atlantic states. Personal loans frequently pull Equifax. Strong for rebuilders — some cards approve 580+ FICO.
Fifth Third Bank Fifth Third 1% Cash/Back Card, Truly Simple Card	EquifaxTransUnion	Medium (varies)	Midwestern regional bank. Equifax most commonly reported; TransUnion also seen in Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana. Not available in all states. Good for existing banking customers.
Regions Bank Prestige Visa, Cash Rewards Visa, Now Card	Equifax	Low (1 pull)	Southeast and Midwest regional bank. Primarily Equifax. Relationship banking model — existing Regions checking customers often get better approval odds. Good for Southern rebuilders protecting TransUnion.
FNBO (First National Bank of Omaha) FNBO Visa, Secured Card, Co-branded airline/hotel cards	TransUnionExperian	Medium (varies)	Issues many co-branded and white-label credit cards. TransUnion primary for most products; some reports of Experian. Also backs the Frontier Airlines World Mastercard and several other travel co-brands.
Bread Financial (Alliance Data) Bread Cashback Amex, Bread Pay (BNPL), formerly Alliance Data	EquifaxTransUnion	Medium (varies)	Parent company of Comenity Bank and Comenity Capital Bank. Bread Pay (Buy Now Pay Later) installment products may pull Experian for larger amounts. Store card products primarily Equifax. Rebranded from Alliance Data in 2022.
KeyBank Key Cashback Credit Card, Key Latitude, Business Cards	EquifaxTransUnion	Medium (varies)	Northeast and Great Lakes regional bank. Primarily TransUnion; some Equifax reports from Ohio and Pacific Northwest. Relationship banking focus — easier approvals for existing customers.
Upstart Personal Loans (AI-powered underwriting, via Cross River Bank)	ExperianTransUnion	Medium (varies)	AI-driven lending platform backed by Cross River Bank. Soft pull during rate check; hard pull upon full application. Pulls Experian or TransUnion. Unique underwriting factors in education and employment — can approve thin-file borrowers that traditional lenders reject.
LendingClub Personal Loans, LendingClub Bank Credit Card	ExperianTransUnion	Medium (varies)	Now a full bank (acquired Radius Bank). Personal loans pull Experian or TransUnion. Credit card launched 2022 pulls TransUnion primarily. Soft check during pre-qualification — safe to check rates without impacting score.
WebBank Fingerhut, Avant, PayPal Credit, Klarna (bank partner)	ExperianTransUnionEquifax	Medium (varies by product)	Utah-chartered bank powering many fintech products. Fingerhut pulls Equifax/TransUnion (good rebuilder option). Avant pulls Experian. PayPal Credit (for large purchases) may pull Experian or Equifax. Bureau varies significantly by partner product.
PenFed Credit Union Power Cash Rewards, Gold, Premium Travel, Personal Loans	TransUnionExperian	Medium (varies)	One of the largest credit unions in the US — open to all (anyone can join via $5 donation). Primarily TransUnion; Experian also reported. Strong approval rates for members. Excellent for those with thin EX/EQ files protecting those bureaus for Chase/Amex.
Alliant Credit Union Alliant Visa Signature, Cashback Visa, Personal Loans	TransUnion	Low (1 pull)	Online credit union open to anyone (join for $5 charity donation). Consistently pulls TransUnion only — ideal for applicants protecting EX and EQ. Offers one of the best flat-rate cashback cards (2.5%) with no annual fee for qualifying members.
First Tech Federal Credit Union Choice Rewards World Mastercard, Platinum Mastercard, Personal Loans	TransUnionEquifax	Medium (varies)	Primarily serves tech industry employees (Amazon, Microsoft, Intel, Google) but open to broader membership. Primarily TransUnion; some Equifax reports. Competitive rates and good limits for tech sector applicants with strong income profiles.
DCU (Digital Federal Credit Union) Visa Platinum, Visa Secured, Personal Loans, Auto Loans	TransUnionEquifax	Medium (2 pulls)	Open to anyone via a $10 Reach Out for Schools donation. Often pulls both TransUnion and Equifax. One of the best secured card options — can graduate to unsecured with responsible use. Very low interest rate (starting at 13.5% APR) compared to most cards.
BECU (Boeing Employees' Credit Union) Visa Cash Back, Member Advantage Visa, Business Visa	TransUnion	Low (1 pull)	Open to Washington state residents and Boeing/partner employees nationwide. Consistently pulls TransUnion. One of the largest credit unions in the Pacific Northwest. Low rates and excellent member service — great for protecting EX for Chase applications.
Golden 1 Credit Union Visa Rewards, Visa Platinum, Secured Visa	TransUnion	Low (1 pull)	California-based credit union open to California residents. Primarily TransUnion. Competitive auto loan rates as well. Good option for California members wanting a TU-only inquiry while protecting EX and EQ for premium card applications.
Suncoast Credit Union Visa Rewards, Visa Platinum, Secured Visa	TransUnionEquifax	Medium (varies)	Florida's largest credit union. Primarily TransUnion with occasional Equifax reports. Open to Florida residents. Excellent auto loan and mortgage rates. Good community banking option for Florida members managing inquiry strategy.
Connexus Credit Union Rewards Visa, Cash Back Visa, Personal Loans	ExperianTransUnion	Medium (varies)	Open to anyone via a $5 Connexus Association membership. Primarily Experian; some TransUnion reports. High rewards rate on some products. Good for members with strong Experian profiles who want credit union rates.
SchoolsFirst Federal Credit Union Rewards Visa, Platinum Visa, Secured Visa	TransUnion	Low (1 pull)	California-based, primarily for school employees and their families. Consistently pulls TransUnion. Great rates and member-friendly underwriting. If you're a California educator, this is one of the best credit union options for protecting EX/EQ.
America First Credit Union (AFCU) Visa Rewards, Visa Platinum, Secured, Personal Loans	EquifaxTransUnion	Medium (varies)	One of the 10 largest credit unions in the US. Primarily serves Utah and Nevada residents. Pulls Equifax or TransUnion depending on product. Strong auto loan rates. Open to residents in several western states.
RBFCU (Randolph-Brooks FCU) Visa Rewards, Visa Platinum, Business Card, Auto Loans	TransUnionEquifax	Medium (varies)	Texas-based credit union open to Texas residents and select employers. Pulls primarily TransUnion; Equifax also reported. Competitive rates and strong member perks. One of the top Texas credit unions for both credit cards and auto financing.
Mountain America Credit Union (MACU) Visa Rewards, Secured Visa, Personal Loans	TransUnion	Low (1 pull)	Open to residents in Utah, Idaho, Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico. Primarily TransUnion. Solid credit union for Western US members wanting to preserve Experian for premium card applications. Good secured card for rebuilders.
Lake Michigan Credit Union (LMCU) Prime Rewards Visa, Mastercard, Personal Loans	Experian	Low (1 pull)	Michigan and Florida membership. Pulls Experian. The LMCU Prime Rewards Visa is notable for 3% cash back on groceries, gas, restaurants, and Amazon — one of the best reward rates in the credit union space.
State Department FCU (SDFCU) Visa Rewards, Platinum Visa, Personal Loans	EquifaxTransUnion	Medium (varies)	Open to anyone via American Consumer Council membership ($8/yr). Pulls Equifax or TransUnion. Strong travel rewards with no foreign transaction fees. Good credit union option for international travelers wanting to diversify bureau exposure.
Delta Community Credit Union Visa Rewards, Secured Visa, Personal Loans	TransUnion	Low (1 pull)	Georgia-based credit union (not affiliated with Delta Airlines). Open to Georgia residents and Metro Atlanta area. Primarily TransUnion. Solid rates and flexible underwriting for credit rebuilders. Good for protecting EX/EQ for Chase/Amex plans.

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